Geological Feature / Landform

Nestled amidst the Andes Mountains in the heart of Ecuador lies the Cotacachi Cayapas Ecological Reserve, a haven of unparalleled ecological diversity and cultural heritage. It contains the Cotacachi Volcano, a prominent stratovolcano and Laguna de Cuicocha, a stunning crater lake.

The Elqui Valley is a region comprising the basin of the Elqui River, which flows from the western Andes to the Pacific Ocean in the north of Chile. Elqui is famous for its stunning landscapes, bright sunshine, pure air, and clear skies. The Elqui region produces wines, table grapes, fruits, and Pisco.

Nestled in the southeastern embrace of Chile's Santiago Metropolitan Region lies Cajón del Maipo, a canyon celebrated for its breathtaking natural beauty and captivating geological history. Accessible through the charming town of San José de Maipo, this dramatic landscape is a gateway to a world of towering volcanoes, vibrant rivers, and geothermal wonders.

The Gulf of Mexico is a testament to the intricate geological processes that have shaped our planet over millions of years. Spanning approximately 1,550,000 square kilometers (600,000 square miles), this oceanic rift basin and marginal sea of the Atlantic Ocean hold a wealth of natural wonders and ecological significance within its depths. The US Gulf Coast borders the Gulf in the north, Mexico and the Yucatán Peninsula border it to the southwest and south, and Cuba to the southeast.

Nestled within the lush landscapes of northern Peru, the Gocta Falls, also known as Catarata de Gocta, stands as one of the world's most captivating natural wonders. This spectacular waterfall, hidden for centuries in the cloud forest of the Amazonas region, has become a symbol of Peru's rich biodiversity and awe-inspiring natural beauty.

The Guaraní Aquifer System (GAS) is a colossal underground reservoir, weaving beneath the South American territories of Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay. Named in homage to the Guaraní peoples who once inhabited a significant portion of its expanse, this hydrogeological marvel has garnered global attention for its sheer size and critical role in sustaining life across the region.

The Gulf of Darién is the southernmost extension of the Caribbean Sea, situated off the northwestern coast of Colombia and the southeastern coast of Panama. The Gulf of Urabá, a long, wide inlet located on the coast of Colombia, is the southernmost portion of the Gulf of Darién.

The Gulf of Fonseca, located between El Salvador, Honduras, and Nicaragua, boasts notable islands and is a biodiversity hotspot featuring mangrove swamps, wetlands, and various climatic zones. Despite territorial disputes and international resolutions, the Gulf is a testament to the balance between environmental preservation, geopolitical cooperation, and sustainable practices.

The Gulf of Venezuela is an inlet of the Caribbean Sea bounded by Venezuela and Colombia. It is a shipping route for the petroleum-producing Maracaibo region. The Guajira Peninsula is located in northeastern Colombia and northwestern Venezuela.

The Irazú Volcano is an active stratovolcano in the Cordillera Central of east-central Costa Rica. A popular tourist destination, Irazú Volcano National Park is part of the Central Conservation Area of Costa Rica and encompasses the area around the volcano.