Geological Features/Landforms in Costa Rica

Coiba National Park, off the southwest coast of Panama, protects Coiba Island and 38 smaller islands as well as surrounding marine areas within the Gulf of Chiriqui. Coiba’s Pacific tropical moist forest maintains exceptionally high levels of endemism of mammals, birds and plants.

Cordillera de Guanacaste is a volcanic mountain range in northern Costa Rica, near the border with Nicaragua. The mountain range forms part of the southern region of the Continental Divide and contains a number of volcanic peaks as well as several protected areas.

The Cordillera de Talamanca is a mountain range that lies on the southeast half of Costa Rica and the far west of Panama. It is a spectacular range that rises from sea level on the Caribbean side to over 12,000 ft and then drops back down to the Valle General on the Pacific side.

Golfo Dulce lies between the Osa Peninsula and the southern Pacific Coast of Costa Rica. Coronado Bay lies to the northwest of the Osa Peninsula. The peninsula contains a complex of national parks and protects one of the most significant stands of virgin rain forest in Central America.

Chirripó National Park is named for its most prominent feature, Cerro Chirripó, the highest mountain in Costa Rica. Five ecosytems found in the park include lowland tropical wet forest, premontane tropical wet forest, lower montane wet forest, montane wet forest and subalpine wet forest (páramo).

Nicoya Peninsula lies along the northern section of Costa Rica's Pacific coast. The Gulf of Nicoya separates the Nicoya Peninsula from the mainland of Costa Rica and encompasses a marine and coastal landscape of wetlands, rocky islands and cliffs.

Rincón de la Vieja Volcano National Park spans over 34,000 acres and helps protect both montane forests and dwarf cloud forests. Rincón de la Vieja Volcano, an active andesitic complex volcano, is set within the park and is one of six active Costa Rican volcanoes.

The Ring of Fire is an area in the Pacific Ocean basin where many earthquakes and volcanic eruptions occur as a direct result of plate tectonics: the movement and collision of lithospheric plates. The Andean Volcanic Belt is a major volcanic belt along the coast of South America.