Biome / Ecosystem

The Humboldt Current, also recognized as the Peru Current, is a formidable force in the eastern South Pacific Ocean, earning its place as one of the world's crucial ocean currents. Originating in the frigid Antarctic region, this marine phenomenon navigates northward along the South American coastline, profoundly impacting climate, aquatic life, and the fishing industry along the western flank of South America.

Nestled in the province of Corrientes in northwestern Argentina lies the breathtaking ecosystem known as the Iberá Wetlands, or Esteros del Iberá. This expansive wetland marvel unfolds as a mosaic of marshes, swamps, bogs, lakes, and lagoons, creating one of the most significant freshwater reservoirs on the South American continent. Seamlessly integrated into the Humid Chaco ecoregion, the wetlands serve as a vast ecological haven. Beyond its sheer size, this intricate network of water bodies plays a pivotal role in sustaining the region's water supply and acting as a crucial force in flood control.

The Sierra Madre evergreen forests, spanning the rugged mountainous terrain of western Mexico, are a lush and vibrant ecosystem characterized by year-round greenery and diverse flora and fauna. This ecosystem, which encompasses a range of altitudes, climates, and habitats, thrives on the slopes of the Sierra Madre Occidental and Sierra Madre Oriental mountain ranges and supports a remarkable array of plant and animal species, many of which are endemic to the region.

The Petén Basin and the Maya Forest are two interconnected regions in Central America renowned for their rich history, biodiversity, geography, archaeology, ecology, and socio-economic significance. Unique historical and geographical features characterize these regions. The dense tropical rainforests of the Maya Forest harbor a wealth of plant and animal species, making it a biodiversity hotspot. Meanwhile, the Petén Basin, with its ancient ruins and archaeological sites, provides invaluable insights into the Maya civilization.

Peru is a country with diverse landscapes and natural wonders. It has two contrasting yet equally captivating deserts along its western coastline—the Sechura and Nazca Deserts. The relentless forces of nature have shaped these arid expanses and stand as testaments to the resilience of life in extreme environments. They offer a unique blend of geological marvels and biodiversity.

The Sumapaz Páramo is a stunningly beautiful and ecologically important region in the Colombian Andes. It is the largest moorland ecosystem on the planet and features vast expanses of high mountain grasslands, rugged peaks, rolling hills, and vibrant colors. Sumapaz National Natural Park safeguards this area and serves as a sanctuary for countless species of flora and fauna amidst the pristine wilderness.