Brazilian Highlands

Nestled on the border between the Brazilian states of Minas Gerais and Espírito Santo, the Caparaó National Park is a testament to Brazil's rich natural heritage. Encompassing the majestic Caparaó Mountains within its boundaries, this park offers a sanctuary for diverse ecosystems, from dense montane rainforests to alpine meadows. Pico da Bandeira, the third-highest mountain in Brazil, lies at the park's heart.

The Brazilian Highlands, or Planalto Brasileiro, are a vast and diverse geographical region that covers nearly half of Brazil's land area. This extensive plateau stretches across several states, influencing the country's climate, hydrology, and ecology. Characterized by a complex mosaic of mountains, plateaus, and valleys, the Brazilian Highlands are home to a rich array of flora and fauna, some of which are found nowhere else on Earth.

The Serra do Mar, known as the "Mountain Range of the Sea," is an awe-inspiring example of Brazil's geological and ecological wonders. This vast system of coastal mountain ranges and escarpments spans from the northern part of Río Grande do Sul to Espírito Santo in the north along the southeastern coastline. These ranges, with their unique geological formations, contribute to the diverse topography of the Serra do Mar.

Nestled in the southeastern part of Brazil lies the majestic Serra da Mantiqueira, a breathtaking mountain range that forms part of the expansive Serra do Mar mountain range system, also known as the "Brazilian Cordillera." Spanning three Brazilian states—São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, and Minas Gerais—the Serra da Mantiqueira is a geographical marvel, rich in biodiversity, cultural significance, and natural beauty.

The Serra da Canastra is a significant mountain range in the western part of Minas Gerais state in southeastern Brazil. Nestled within the Brazilian Highlands, it is noted for its striking landscapes, rich biodiversity, and economic resources. The range's unique geological features and ecosystems make it an area of natural beauty and scientific interest. The range is also the birthplace of the São Francisco River, one of Brazil's most essential watercourses.

The Serra do Espinhaço is a mountain range that stands as a natural marvel in Brazil, stretching through Minas Gerais and Bahia. Known for its rich deposits of minerals and its unique ecosystems, the Serra do Espinhaço plays a vital role in the nation's environmental and cultural fabric of the country. Known for its rich deposits of minerals and its unique ecosystems, the range's significance is underscored by its designation as a Biosphere Reserve, highlighting its importance in preserving Brazil's natural heritage.

The Serra dos Órgãos, or "Organ Range," is a spectacular mountain range situated in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Part of the larger Serra do Mar mountain system, this range is known for its dramatic peaks and unique geological formations, including the famous Dedo de Deus, or "God's Finger." The range is also home to the Serra dos Órgãos National Park, which protects this rich natural environment and is a popular destination for hiking, rock climbing, and wildlife observation.

The Borborema Plateau, also known as the Serra da Borborema or Borborema Mountains, rises majestically in Brazil's northeastern region. This expansive and rugged plateau spans across the states of Alagoas, Pernambuco, Paraíba, and Rio Grande do Norte, forming the northeasternmost part of the Brazilian Highlands. It acts as a natural barrier against the moisture-laden winds coming from the Atlantic Ocean.

The Serra Geral, an imposing escarpment nestled within the interior of southern Brazil, is a testament to the region's geological complexity and ecological richness. From its eastern reaches in Rio Grande do Sul to its northern extent in São Paulo, this mountain range is a pivotal component of the Serra do Mar system. Within this landscape lies the Serra Geral National Park, established to preserve the region's natural heritage and encompass iconic landmarks such as the Malacara, Churriado, and Fortaleza canyons.