Geographic Region

The Brazilian Highlands, an extensive geographical region, is the main source of Brazil's abundant mineral wealth. Covering most of the eastern, southern and central portions of the country, the region includes steep cliffs, flat-topped plateaus, ravines, rolling hills and rock outcrops.

The Guiana Shield is one of the three cratons of the South American Plate. It is a 1.7 billion-year-old Precambrian geological formation in northeast South America that forms a portion of the northern coast. The higher elevations on the shield are known as the Guiana Highlands.

Patagonia is a distinct geographical region at the base of South America, spanning the lower sections of Argentina and Chile. Patagonia is known for its arid plains, breathtaking mountain vistas, lakes, glaciers and bountiful, diverse wildlife.