Guyana

Amazônia—encompassing the Amazon rainforest, biome, basin, and river system—represents Earth's most magnificent and ecologically vital tropical region. This interconnected complex harbors unparalleled biodiversity while serving as a critical regulator of global climate and weather patterns. Often called "the lungs of the Earth," this vast region produces about 20% of the world's oxygen and stores 10-15% of global terrestrial carbon, crucial for climate stability. Its four components form a self-sustaining, complex ecosystem that has evolved over millions of years.

Situated on South America's northern coast and bordered by Venezuela, Brazil, and Suriname, Guyana stands apart with its distinctive identity shaped by a rich cultural and natural heritage. Along with French Guiana and Suriname, Guyana is one of the three nations comprising The Guianas. It shares historical and ecological ties but carves its unique path with its blend of Caribbean and South American influences.

Nestled in northeastern South America, Guyana, formerly known as British Guiana, is a nation defined by its unique geography and natural beauty. With a coastline stretching along the Atlantic Ocean, Guyana shares borders with Suriname to the east, Venezuela to the west, and Brazil to the west and south. Although it is the third-smallest country on the continent, Guyana boasts a remarkable array of ecosystems, from dense rainforests to sprawling savannas.

Guyana features a wide variety of landscapes, from Atlantic coastlands to Amazonian rainforests and highland savannas. This South American country is known as the "Land of Many Waters," a name that highlights its vast network of rivers, creeks, and waterways, which together influence the country's geography, economy, and cultural identity. Guyana's rivers, creeks, and streams form a complex hydrological system that supports diverse ecosystems, aids transportation, and underpins various economic activities, from agriculture to gold mining.

Guyana represents one of South America's most geographically distinctive nations. This country occupies a unique position where the Caribbean cultural sphere meets the Amazon Basin. Strategically located on the northern coast of South America, Guyana possesses an extensive Atlantic coastline that has profoundly shaped its settlement patterns and economic development. The nation's remarkable geographic diversity, ranging from coastal plains below sea level to ancient mountain plateaus, creates distinct physiographic regions that support extraordinary biodiversity and a wide range of human activities.

The Guianas—comprising Guyana, Suriname, and French Guiana—rise from South America's northeastern coast as guardians of one of Earth's most ancient geological formations. Here, atop the 1.7-billion-year-old Guiana Shield, dramatic mountain ranges pierce tropical skies with their distinctive flat-topped summits, creating a landscape that seems lifted from prehistory itself. These mountains, born from Precambrian bedrock and sculpted by eons of weathering, stand as living monuments to the planet's earliest chapters while harboring some of the world's most extraordinary biodiversity.

Nestled between the shimmering waters of the Atlantic Ocean to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west, South America emerges as a continent of unparalleled beauty and cultural richness. It stretches from the steamy jungles of the Amazon Basin in the north to the icy reaches of Patagonia in the south, creating a rich diversity of natural and cultural landscapes that have captivated explorers, scientists, and travelers for centuries.