Andes Mountains

The Colombian Andes are a fascinating and complex part of the Andean mountain system, representing the northern extension of this vast range stretching along South America's western coast. The Andes divide into three parallel mountain chains in Colombia: the Cordillera Occidental, the Cordillera Central, and the Cordillera Oriental. The Andean Natural Region, encompassing these mountain ranges, is Colombia's most populous natural region, hosting many urban centers and significant pre-Columbian settlements.

The Sierra Nevada de Güicán, El Cocuy, and Chita is a breathtaking range within the Andes Mountains of Colombia. This range, known for its stunning snow-capped peaks and glacial landscapes, is Colombia's largest glacial mass and the largest in South America north of the equator. This range holds deep cultural significance for the indigenous U'wa people and is a haven for biodiversity. Its awe-inspiring beauty and ecological and cultural importance make it one of Colombia's most treasured natural landmarks.

The Peruvian Andes are a significant component of Peru's Sierra Natural Region and form part of South America's greater Andes mountain system. This impressive mountain range is characterized by its three principal cordilleras, or mountain ranges, which encompass fertile river valleys, high plains, and some of the deepest canyons on Earth. Much of the Peruvian Andes falls within the Tropical Andes, a region defined by its unique climate and remarkable biodiversity.

The Venezuelan Andes, also known as the Venezuelan Andean Cordillera, represent the northernmost extension of the Andes Mountain range. This major mountain system runs along the western coast of South America and is vital to Venezuela's natural and geographic landscape. The Andean natural region, encompassing the Cordillera de Mérida and the Serranía del Perijá, is one of Venezuela's distinct natural regions and contributes significantly to the country's biodiversity and cultural richness.

The Tropical Andes region spans from northern Venezuela to Bolivia and includes the northernmost Andes mountain ranges. This region is home to the Tropical Andes Biodiversity Hotspot, the most biologically diverse of all known hotspots and harbors around one-sixth of all plant life on the planet. However, the Tropical Andes are encountering significant challenges that threaten their ecological significance.