Ecological Region

Located on the northeast coast of South America, the Guianan Moist Forests ecoregion is one of the largest continuous tracts of relatively pristine lowland tropical rain forest in the world. It holds a wide variety of regional biodiversity with high levels of species endemism and richness.

The Guianan savanna is an ecoregion in the south of Venezuela, Guyana and Suriname and the north of Brazil. The savanna covers an area of rolling upland plains on the Guiana Shield between the Amazon and Orinoco basins.

The Humid Pampas occupy the plains in the east of Argentina and as well as one of the highest human-populated areas in Argentina, taking up most of the province of Buenos Aires. Horizontal plains and very soft undulations with low peaks that emerge like islands characterize the relief of this area.

The Lesser Antilles mangrove ecoregion is comprised of a chain of islands at the southeastern edge of the Caribbean Sea from Sombrero and Anguilla in the north, to Grenada in the south. The largest areas of mangrove are found on Antigua and Barbuda, Guadeloupe, Martinique, and the U.S. Virgin Islands.

The Magdalena Valley dry forests ecoregion is located in Colombia along the upper Magdalena River. There are many endemic species, but much of the original habitat has been destroyed by agriculture and over-grazing.

The Magdalena Valley montane forests ecoregion is located in the Andes mountains of central Colombia. The ecoregion covers the higher land on both sides of the valley of the Magdalena River in the Colombian Andes. These montane forests have a wet climate, usually with cloud forests.

The Magellanic subpolar forests are a terrestrial ecoregion of southernmost South America, covering parts of southern Chile and Argentina, and are part of the Neotropic ecozone. It is a temperate broadleaf and mixed forests ecoregion and contains the world's southernmost forests.

The Orinoco Delta Swamp Forests occur in a diverse and porous matrix of coastal vegetation types along the river delta and surrounding regions of northwestern Venezuela and northeastern Guyana. These inundated forests provide habitat to a number of endangered and endemic species.

The Orinoco wetlands ecoregion is located in northeastern Venezuela, within the northern Orinoco Delta. The ecoregion consists of several large and small patches of flooded grasslands, which occur in a habitat mosaic with swamp forests and mangroves.