Ecological Region

The Orinoco Delta Swamp Forests occur in a diverse matrix of coastal vegetation along the river delta and surrounding regions of northwestern Venezuela and northeastern Guyana. These permanently flooded forests provide habitat to many endangered and endemic species.

The Orinoco wetlands ecoregion is located north of the Orinoco River Delta in northeastern Venezuela. It consists of several large and small patches of flooded grasslands, which occur in a habitat mosaic with swamp forests and mangroves.

The Pantanos de Centla is a tropical moist forest ecoregion in southern Mexico. The area serves as a biological corridor and includes a variety of ecosystem types, from flooded moist forests to temperate and cloud forests.

The Peruvian yungas are sub-tropical montane deciduous and evergreen forests that flank the Peruvian Andes' eastern slopes and central valleys. This region maintains one of the richest montane forest ecosystems in the Neotropics.

The Petenes mangrove ecoregion is located in Mexico at the border between the states of Yucatán and Campeche, in the western portion of the Yucatán Peninsula. The low annual rainfall of this region, paired with the severe dryness of the whole area, has eliminated rivers from the landscape.

The Santa Marta montane forests is an ecoregion in the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, a massif on the Caribbean coast of northern Colombia. This ecoregion is a characteristic moist forest; however, it rises from a very different habitat of the xeric scrub and dry forest surrounding it.

The Santa Marta páramo occurs above the treeline in the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta on Colombia's Caribbean coast. This high moorland ecoregion belongs to the Páramo (Andean Moorland) biome and is South America's northernmost section of páramo.

The Semi-arid Pampas ecoregion is located in the center of Argentina. The predominant vegetation consists of grasslands with some shrubs. Few endemic plants are in the ecoregion, but the area has a high biodiversity. Most of the natural vegetation has been replaced by agriculture and cattle ranching.

The Serra do Mar coastal forests in southeastern Brazil, an ecoregion of the tropical moist forests biome, represent the largest continuous block of montane Atlantic forest and one of the more remarkable centers of endemism in South America.