Ecological Region

The Marismas Nacionales Lagoon System is a significant coastal wetland located on the Pacific coast of northwest Mexico and a substantial and crucial mangrove ecosystem. The Marismas Nacionales–San Blas mangrove ecoregion is renowned for its rich biodiversity and ecological significance.

The Orinoco Delta Swamp Forests occur in a diverse matrix of coastal vegetation along the river delta and surrounding regions of northwestern Venezuela and northeastern Guyana. These permanently flooded forests provide habitat to many endangered and endemic species.

The Orinoco wetlands ecoregion is located north of the Orinoco River Delta in northeastern Venezuela. It consists of several large and small patches of flooded grasslands, which occur in a habitat mosaic with swamp forests and mangroves.

The Pantanos de Centla is a tropical moist forest ecoregion in southern Mexico. The area serves as a biological corridor and includes a variety of ecosystem types, from flooded moist forests to temperate and cloud forests.

The Pantepui forests and shrublands ecoregion in the Guiana Highlands of northern South America hosts an archipelago of more than 50 tabletop mountains with isolated sandstone plateaus and summits atop nearly vertical escarpments called tepuis.

The Peruvian yungas are sub-tropical montane deciduous and evergreen forests that flank the Peruvian Andes' eastern slopes and central valleys. This region maintains one of the richest montane forest ecosystems in the Neotropics.

The Petenes mangrove ecoregion is located in Mexico at the border between the states of Yucatán and Campeche, in the western portion of the Yucatán Peninsula. The low annual rainfall of this region, paired with the severe dryness of the whole area, has eliminated rivers from the landscape.

The Santa Marta montane forests is an ecoregion in the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, a massif on the Caribbean coast of northern Colombia. This ecoregion is a characteristic moist forest; however, it rises from a very different habitat of the xeric scrub and dry forest surrounding it.

The Santa Marta páramo occurs above the treeline in the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta on Colombia's Caribbean coast. This high moorland ecoregion belongs to the Páramo (Andean Moorland) biome and is South America's northernmost section of páramo.

The Semi-arid Pampas ecoregion is located in the center of Argentina. The predominant vegetation consists of grasslands with some shrubs. Few endemic plants are in the ecoregion, but the area has a high biodiversity. Most of the natural vegetation has been replaced by agriculture and cattle ranching.