Landforms of Colombia

The Altiplano Cundiboyacense is a high plateau located in the Eastern Cordillera of the Colombian Andes. The most important city is the capital Bogotá. The altiplano corresponds to the territory of the Muisca who flourished in ancient Colombia between 600 and 1600 CE.

Sometimes referred to as Amazônia, the Amazon Rainforest is a natural region and biome in northern South America that occupies the Amazon Basin, a drainage basin of the Amazon River and its tributaries. Nine countries have some parts of the Amazon region within their borders.

The Andes Mountains are the longest continental mountain range in the world. They form a continuous highland along the western coast of South America. The Andean Region extends from Caribbean Venezuela, through the Atacama Desert to cold, windy and wet Cape Horn.

The Archipelago of San Andres, Providencia and Santa Catalina is located in the western sector of the Caribbean Sea and belongs to the Republic of Colombia. The entire collection of 10 or so small coral atolls was declared a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve.

The near-pristine Serranía de la Macarena National Park is one of Colombia's best-protected. It contains the rivers, streams and waterfalls collectively known as Caño Cristales and commonly called the "River of Five Colors" or the "Liquid Rainbow."

The Caquetá River as it is known in Colombia, or the Japurá as it is known in Brazil, is a tributary of the Amazon River and has a total length of approximately 1,750 mi. About two-thirds of the tributary is in Colombia and the other one-third is in Brazil. The Caquetá-Japurá Basin is the ninth-largest tributary basin in the Amazon.

The Cauca River rises in southwestern Colombia and flows northward between the Occidental and Central cordilleras of the Colombian Andes until it joins with the Magdalena River before emptying into the Caribbean Sea. Its journey to the sea takes it through a spectacular canyon between the parallel mountain ranges.

The Chicamocha Canyon, located within the Colombian Andes, is among the largest in the world. Chicamocha National Park, also known as Panachi, is a major tourist attraction due to is spectacular landscape and the variety of outdoor activities that it offers. 

The Andean Natural Region is the most populated natural region of Colombia, containing most of the country's urban centers. The Colombian Andes consists of three parallel mountain chains: Cordillera Occidental, Cordillera Central and Cordillera Oriental.

The Guiana Shield is one of the three cratons of the South American Plate. It is a 1.7 billion-year-old Precambrian geological formation in northeast South America that forms a portion of the northern coast. The higher elevations are known as the Guiana Highlands.