Cordillera del Cóndor

The Cordillera del Cóndor (Condor mountain range) is a mountain range in the eastern Andes that is shared by and part of the international border between Ecuador and Peru. The range extends approximately 150 km (93 mi) from north to south, and its maximum elevation reaches about 2,900 m (9,500 ft). The Santiago and Cenepa rivers flow along its eastern slopes on the Peruvian side.

The Cordillera del Condor is the ancestral home of the Shuar people, the legendary tribe of the Amazon, which the Spanish never conquered. The Shuar people still maintain many aspects of their traditional life, language and culture among the forests and waters of the Condor range.

The Cordillera del Condor is an area of great interest to biology, possibly having the richest flora in any area of the same size on the South American continent. In addition, the range hosts one of the highest concentrations of vascular plant species not yet known to science. The area is part of the Eastern Cordillera Real Montane forests ecoregion.

El Cóndor National Park

El Cóndor National Park lies within a reserved zone between Peru and Ecuador. Though its borders fall within the boundaries of Ecuador, it is commonly combined with the Zone of Ecological Protection (5,400 ha or 13,345 acres) and the Santiago-Comaina Reserve Zone (1,642,570 ha or 4,058,880 acres), both of which are in Peru, to form a mega-reserve of subsequent importance.

El Cóndor National Park is located in the Cordillera del Cóndor in Ecuador, bordering the Santiago-Comaina protected area, which is located in the Amazonas Region of Peru. El Cóndor is a so-called 'Peace Park.'

The park falls into the Zamora Chinchipe (Peru) and Morona Santiago (Ecuador) provinces and is commonly viewed as a national treasure for Peruvians and Ecuadorians.

It was established by both governments, who decided that creating a protected area here would be beneficial instead of continuing to argue over which country the area should belong to.

Recognizing the biological significance of the region and the potential of applying the parks for peace concept to foster further transboundary cooperation, the agreement of 1998 stated the need to establish Adjacent Zones of Ecological Protection on both sides of the international border.

Following the signing of the agreement in 1999, the Government of Ecuador created the El Cóndor National Park over 25.4 sq km (9.8 sq mi), while Peru established, across the border, a Zone of Ecological Protection of 54.4 sq km (21 sq mi).

Complementarily, Peru established the Santiago-Comaina Reserved Zone over 8,632 sq km (3,333 sq mi); in July 2000, the reserve was expanded to its current 16,425 sq km (6,341 sq mi).

The area contains dense cloud forests with vibrant biodiversity, including several endemic species. However, the remoteness and, particularly from the Peruvian side, inaccessibility means that species under threat in other areas of the Amazon are still plentiful here.

Endangered species found in the region include a local subspecies of the long-haired spider monkey (Ateles belzebuth belzebuth), the spot-winged parrotlet (Touit stictoptera), white-chested swift (Cypseloides lemosi) and the golden-plumed conure (Leptosittaca branickii).

The birds Orange-throated Tanager (Wetmorethraupis sterrhopteron) and Traylor's forest falcon (Micrastur buckleyi) are endangered and endemic.