Argentina

The Bermejo River, a crucial waterway in South America, traverses diverse landscapes across Bolivia and Argentina. In its upper course, the river is known as the Bermejo, but in its lower reaches, it transitions into the Desaguadero and later the Salado. Flowing from the Andes Mountains to its confluence with the Paraguay River, the Bermejo sustains ecosystems, supports human settlements, and plays an essential role in regional economies.

Nestled high amidst the jagged, snow-covered peaks of the Southern Andes lies the Central Andean Puna - a land of rugged resilience crafted from pristine pampas and awe-inspiring altiplano plains. This high-altitude montane grassland stretches across the southern regions of Peru, traversing the rugged Bolivian Altiplano and dipping into the northern corners of Argentina.

Stretching like a mighty spine along the western edge of South America, the Andes Mountain Range stands as a towering testament to nature's grandeur and complexity. This colossal cordillera, spanning seven countries, encompasses some of the planet's most extreme and diverse landscapes. At the heart of this vast mountain system lies the Chilean and Argentine Andes, where the borders between these two nations are defined by soaring peaks, glacial valleys, and landscapes that oscillate between the arid desolation of the Dry Andes and lush, verdant splendor of the Wet Andes.

The Chubut River is a defining geographical and ecological feature of Argentine Patagonia, flowing through the heart of Chubut Province. As one of the most important rivers in the region, it plays a crucial role in supporting biodiversity, agriculture, and human settlements in an otherwise arid landscape. Originating in the Andes and traveling eastward to the Atlantic Ocean, the Chubut River provides essential water resources for both natural ecosystems and human activities.

The Colorado River of Argentina is a crucial waterway that traverses the vast landscapes of central and southern Argentina. It plays an essential role in shaping the region's geography, ecology, and human activity. Originating in the Andes Mountains, the river flows across arid and semi-arid landscapes before emptying into the Atlantic Ocean. Its waters sustain agriculture, support diverse ecosystems, and serve as a natural boundary between provinces.

Stretching across the rugged landscape of northwestern Argentina like a frozen sea of white crystals, Salinas Grandes stands as one of South America's most spectacular natural phenomena. These vast salt flats represent the third-largest salt desert in South America and one of the most accessible high-altitude salars on the continent. The gleaming white expanse offers visitors an otherworldly experience that combines geological wonder with cultural significance, creating a destination that captivates scientists, photographers, and travelers.

The Dry Chaco ecoregion, the arid part of the Gran Chaco, spans western Paraguay, northern Argentina, southeastern Bolivia, and a small area of Brazil. This lowland, mainly in the rain shadow of the Central Andes, features a landscape shaped by limited rainfall, intense solar radiation, and extreme seasonal temperatures. Rather than a barren wasteland, the Dry Chaco showcases a unique biodiversity of plants and animals that have evolved remarkable adaptations to thrive in this challenging environment.

Nestled within the heart of Argentina, the Monte Desert and its encompassing ecoregion, the Argentine Monte, offer a captivating glimpse into a realm of stark beauty and remarkable resilience. This vast expanse is a tapestry woven with diverse landscapes, unique flora, and enigmatic fauna. Characterized by its arid conditions and the interplay of mountain ranges, this region is a testament to nature's ability to thrive in even the harshest environments.

Nestled deep within the rugged wilderness of Patagonia, Lake O'Higgins is one of the most breathtaking and remote bodies of water in South America. Straddling the border between Chile and Argentina, it is known as Lake San Martín in Argentina, reflecting the intertwined histories of both nations. Renowned for its striking turquoise waters, immense depth, and dramatic fjords, it is a natural masterpiece shaped by glacial activity and the relentless forces of the Patagonian climate.

Deep beneath four South American nations lies the Guaraní Aquifer System (GAS), one of Earth's most remarkable geological treasures. Spanning 1.2 million square kilometers of Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay, it creates an underground hydrological empire rivaling the Mediterranean Sea. Named after the Indigenous Guaraní people, this aquifer system represents far more than a simple water source—it embodies the interconnected destiny of four nations and serves as a critical bulwark against regional water insecurity in an era of climate uncertainty.