Landforms of South America

The Serra da Mantiqueira is a mountain range that spans approximately 200 miles across three Brazilian states: São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro and Minas Gerais. Rivers formed in these mountains supply a number of cities in the Southeast Region of Brazil with water.

Serra do Caparaó is a range of mountains located on the border between the states of Minas Gerais and Espírito Santo in southeastern Brazil. Caparaó National Park was created to protect the Caparaó Mountains and the representative Atlantic Forest found here.

The Serra do Espinhaço mountain range represents the largest and most continuous Precambrian orogenic belt in Brazil. The Espinhaço Range Biosphere Reserve includes 16 protected areas: National Parks, State Parks, State Ecological Stations and Municipal Natural Parks.

The Serra do Mar is a coastal system of mountain ranges and escarpments in southeastern Brazil. Serra do Mar State Park and the Serra do Mar Ecological Corridor encompass and protect one of the largest remaining areas of continuous Atlantic Forest.

Serra dos Órgãos is a mountain range in the state of Rio de Janeiro that is part of the larger Serra do Mar system of mountain ranges which overlook Guanabara Bay in southeastern Brazil. Serra dos Órgãos National Park protects the range and its water resources.

Serra Geral is the principal mountain relief of interior southern Brazil. It is located at the southern and eastern reaches of the Paraná Plateau and constitutes the southern portion of the Serra do Mar system. The range is home to several national and state parks.

The Serranía de Chiribiquete are isolated table mountains in the Amazon Region of Colombia at the confluence point of four biogeographical provinces. Chiribiquete National Park - "The Maloca of the Jaguar" is a World Heritage site with both natural and cultural significance.

The Sierra Nevada de Güicán, El Cocuy and Chita is located within the Cordillera Oriental range of the Colombian Andes.  El Cocuy National Natural Park protects its extraordinary biodiversity and endemism as well as its function as a corridor for migratory species.

The Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta is an isolated mountain range that runs through Colombia. Situated near the Caribbean coast, it is one of the world's highest coastal ranges, culminating in the snow-capped Cristóbal Colón, Colombia's highest peak.

The Sierras Pampeanas (also called Central Sierras) is a geographical region and chain of mountains that rise sharply from the surrounding Pampas region of northwestern Argentina. They run parallel to the Andes, cross into seven Argentine provinces, and may be cataloged into sub-regions.