Landforms of South America

The Atacama Plateau is an arid high plateau in the Andes of northern Argentina and extending into Chile. The "Puna de Atacama" is a cold desolate Andean tableland in northwestern Argentina and adjacent regions of Chile.

The Aucanquilcha volcano is located in the Antofagasta Region of northern Chile, between the Loa River and the border with Bolivia, within the Alto Loa National Reserve. It is part of the Central Volcanic Zone of the Andes. Several sulfur mines lie in the Aucanquilcha complex.

The Beni River flows north through Bolivia after rising in the Andean slopes of the Cordillera Real. The Mamoré River is formed by numerous headwaters that drain the Llanos de Moxos. The two rivers join to form the Madeira River on the border with Brazil.

The Bolivian Andes is composed primarily of two ranges or cordilleras. The Cordillera Occidental is characterized by volcanic activity. The much older Cordillera Oriental, also known as the "Cordillera Real," is an impressive snow-capped series of granite mountains.

The Borborema Plateau, also known as Serra da Borborema (Borborema Mountains), makes up the northeasternmost portion of the Brazilian Highlands. The primary watershed of the region, the plateau is the source of more than 100 rivers.

The Brazilian Highlands, an extensive geographical region, is the main source of Brazil's mineral wealth. Covering most of the eastern, southern and central portions of the country; the region includes steep cliffs, flat-topped plateaus, ravines, rolling hills and rock outcrops.

Cajón del Maipo is a canyon located in the Andean region of Santiago, Chile. The canyon valley is surrounded by some of the highest peaks in the region including the San José, Maipo and Marmolejo volcanos. The canyon is a popular tourist destination, especially for trekking.

The near-pristine Serranía de la Macarena National Park is one of Colombia's best-protected. It contains the rivers, streams and waterfalls collectively known as Caño Cristales and commonly called the "River of Five Colors" or the "Liquid Rainbow."

The Caquetá River as it is known in Colombia, or the Japurá as it is known in Brazil, is a tributary of the Amazon River and has a total length of approximately 1,750 mi. About two-thirds of the tributary is in Colombia and the other one-third is in Brazil. The Caquetá-Japurá Basin is the ninth-largest tributary basin in the Amazon.