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The Sierra Madre is a mountain system that is part of the American Cordillera, a chain of mountain ranges (cordillera) that consists of an almost continuous sequence of ranges. These mountain ranges form the western 'backbone' of North America, Central America, South America and West Antarctica.

The Baja California Peninsula is a peninsula in northwestern Mexico. It is bounded to the north by the United States, to the east by the Gulf of California, and to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean. The peninsula is separated from mainland Mexico by the Gulf of California and the Colorado River.

The Isthmus of Tehuantepec is an isthmus in southern Mexico between the Gulf of Mexico and the Pacific Ocean. It represents the shortest distance between the Gulf of Mexico and the Pacific Ocean. The isthmus is connected to Veracruz, Mexico City, and the Guatemalan border by rail.

Cape Horn is the southernmost headland of the Tierra del Fuego archipelago of southern Chile.The Diego Ramírez Islands are a small group of islands located southwest of Cape Horn. The Drake Passage is the body of water between Cape Horn and the South Shetland Islands of Antarctica.

The Strait of Magellan is a sea route in southern Chile separating mainland South America to the north and Tierra del Fuego Archipelago to the south. The archipelago is divided by Chile and Argentina and is further separated by the east-west Beagle Channel, just south of Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego.

The Sierra Gorda Biosphere Reserve is located in the State of Queretaro in northern Mexico. Its strategic biogeographical position between the Arctic Neotropical and the Mesoamerican Mountain regions makes Sierra Gorda one of the most ecologically rich and diverse places in Mexico.

The Guajira Peninsula is located in northern Colombia and northwestern Venezuela. The Gulf of Venezuela is an inlet of the Caribbean Sea bounded by Venezuela and Colombia. Lake Maracaibo is a large brackish tidal bay lying in the crude oil-rich Maracaibo Basin of northwestern Venezuela.

Sometimes referred to as Amazonia, the Amazon Rainforest is a natural region and biome in northern South America that occupies the Amazon Basin, a drainage basin of the Amazon River and its tributaries in South America. Nine nations have some part of the Amazon within their borders.

The Brazilian Highlands are an extensive geographical region and is the main source of the nation’s abundant mineral wealth. Covering most of the eastern, southern and central portions of Brazil, the rugged highlands include steep cliffs, flat-topped plateaus, ravines, rolling hills, and rock outcrops.

Lake Titicaca is a large, deep lake located at the northern end of the endorheic Altiplano basin high in the Andes, on the border of Peru and Bolivia. Ruins on the lake’s bottom, on its shore, and on the islands attest to the previous existence of one of the oldest civilizations known in the Americas.